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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to construct the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) lentiviral vector gene and explore its influence on the biological activity of mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>iPS cell lines stably overexpressing BMP4 were constructed by lentivirus transfection (BMP4-overexpressing group). Cells without transfection served as the blank group, and cells with only vector transfection served as the empty-vector group. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8, and the expression levels of ameloblastin (AMBN), cytokeratin (CK) 14, dentin sialophospho-protein (DSPP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and Runx2 mRNA were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was used to detect the degree of cell differentiation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with blank and empty-vector groups, proliferation activity and ALP activity of BMP4-overexpressing group obvious increased (P<0.05), BMP4, AMBN, CK14, DSPP, BSP, Runx2 mRNA expression also increased (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>BMP4 can significantly promote the odontogenic differentiation of iPS.</p>
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Objective To investigate the correlation between transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)29C/T(codon 10) gene polymorphisms and adult chronic periodontitis in Moyu Uygur population.Methods Three hundred samples from the region's biological sample library of chronic periodontitis were selected randomly and divided into control group periodontal healthy subjects,mild chronic periodontitis group,moderate and severe chronic periodontitis group,with 100 samples in each group.The distribution of genotype and allele of TGF-β1 29C/T (codon 10) in the subjects was detected by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method.The association between TGF-β1 29C/ T gene polymorphism and chronic periodontitis was analyzed by Chi-squared test,ordinal classification logistic regression analysis and other methods.Results There was significant differences in sex composition,age,attachment loss and probing depth among the three groups(P ＜ 0.05),and the genotype distribution was in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance (P ＞ 0.05).There was statistic difference in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies among control group,mild chronic periodontitis group,moderate and severe chronic periodontitis group (x2 =12.161,8.418;P ＜ 0.05).After Bonferroni correction,there was significant difference in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies between the control group and the moderate and severe chronic periodontitis group (x2 =11.306,8.415;P ＜ 0.016 7);there was no significant difference in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies between the control group and mild chronic periodontitis group,mild chronic periodontitis group and moderate and severe chronic periodontitis group (P ＞ 0.016 7).Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of chronic periodontitis in people aged 55-65 years was 85.29 times (95％ CI:34.81-209.14) higher than those aged less than 35 years old,and the risk of chronic periodontitis in people with TT genotype was 2.36 times higher than those with CC genotype.Conclusion This study indicate that TGF-β1 29C/T (codon 10) gene polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility of chronic periodontitis in Moyu county of Xinjiang Uygur population,and the age and TT genotype may be risk factors for chronic periodontitis in this population.
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Objective: To conduct a knowledge survey on heart failure (HF) guidelines for HF diagnosis and treatment in physicians in China. Methods: A questionnaire including15 multiple-choice and 10 blank-filling questions was developed based on Chinese HF diagnosis and treatment guidelines 2014. The survey was conducted in physicians who registered at Chinese HF study from 88 hospitals in China and the knowledge level was presented by the correction rate of questionnaire survey. Results: A total of 2146 physicians finished the survey including 56.2％ female and 43.8％ male with the mean age of (35.6±7.6) years. The ratios of resident, attending physician, associate chief physician and chief physician were 28.2％, 43.6％, 20.3％ and 7.9％ respectively; the ratios of cardiovascular specialists, physician and general practitioners were 62.1％, 28.8％and 9.1％ respectively. Physicians from community hospital, 2nd grade hospital and 3rd grade hospital were 5.4％, 26.5％, and 68.2％ respectively. The correct answer for 15 multiple-choice questions was only 32.6％ and for 10 blank-filling questions regarding the target doses of anti-HF drugs was 42.5％. Physicians with the higher professional title had greater awareness of HF guidelines than those with the lower title, P<0.001. The compliance and command to HF guidelines were different among hospital levels, P<0.001; the command to HF prevention and treatment were different among physicians in different practice scopes, P<0.001. Conclusion: The knowledge for HF diagnosis and treatment had deficiency in physicians in China, further systemically study should be enforced.
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Objective: To conduct a knowledge survey on heart failure (HF) guidelines for HF diagnosis and treatment in physicians in China. Methods: A questionnaire including15 multiple-choice and 10 blank-filling questions was developed based on Chinese HF diagnosis and treatment guidelines 2014. The survey was conducted in physicians who registered at Chinese HF study from 88 hospitals in China and the knowledge level was presented by the correction rate of questionnaire survey. Results: A total of 2146 physicians finished the survey including 56.2％ female and 43.8％ male with the mean age of (35.6±7.6) years. The ratios of resident, attending physician, associate chief physician and chief physician were 28.2％, 43.6％, 20.3％ and 7.9％ respectively; the ratios of cardiovascular specialists, physician and general practitioners were 62.1％, 28.8％and 9.1％ respectively. Physicians from community hospital, 2nd grade hospital and 3rd grade hospital were 5.4％, 26.5％, and 68.2％ respectively. The correct answer for 15 multiple-choice questions was only 32.6％ and for 10 blank-filling questions regarding the target doses of anti-HF drugs was 42.5％. Physicians with the higher professional title had greater awareness of HF guidelines than those with the lower title, P<0.001. The compliance and command to HF guidelines were different among hospital levels, P<0.001; the command to HF prevention and treatment were different among physicians in different practice scopes, P<0.001. Conclusion: The knowledge for HF diagnosis and treatment had deficiency in physicians in China, further systemically study should be enforced.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Tangke Decoction (TD) on the expression of TGF-beta1/Smad4 of rats with early diabetes and to explore the effect and mechanism of TD against the renal injury induced by diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n = 12), the model group (n = 10), the Chinese herbs prevented group (n =10), the Chinese herbs treated group (n = 10), and the Western medicine control group (n = 10). TD (18 mg/kg) was given by gastrogavage to rats in the Chinese herbs prevented group immediately after successful modeling for 12 weeks, once daily. At the 4th week of successful modeling, rats in the rest 4 groups were administered by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was given to rats in the model group and the normal control group. Benazepril suspension (1 mg/kg) was administered by gastrogavage to rats in the Western medicine control group for 8 weeks, once daily. TD (18 mg/kg) was given by gastrogavage to rats in the Chinese herbs treated group for 8 weeks, once daily. The body weight, kidney weight, index of kidney weight, fasting blood sugar, 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate were examined after experiment. The pathological changes of the renal tissue were observed by HE staining, Masson staining, and electron microscope. The expression of renal transforming growth factor-beta1, (TGF-beta1) and Smad4 were detected using immunohistochemical assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control group, the body weight of rats decreased significantly; the kidney weight, index of kidney weight, blood sugar, 24 h urinary protein excretion, the urinary albumin excretion rate,TGF-beta1 and Smad4 expression increased significantly in the model group (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the aforesaid indices were improved in each treatment group with statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the Western medicine control group, the kidney weight, index of kidney weight, blood sugar, 24 h urinary protein excretion, and the urinary albumin excretion rate were obviously improved in the Chinese herbs prevented group (P < 0.01). The renal pathological changes were most obvious in the model group significantly, but they were improved in all treatment groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TD could obviously improve the symptoms of diabetes and down-regulate the expression of renal TGF-beta1 and Smad4 of early diabetic nephropathy rats, which suggested that TD had certain preventive effect on early diabetic nephropathy.</p>